What Is Transaction?

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When you think of a transaction, you probably think of something like: You go to the grocery store, pick up everything on your list, and then pay for it. In databases, a transaction is a logical unit independently executed for data retrieval or updates. It's pretty much the same as when you go to the grocery store, you get stuff and then pay for it, but it's more like a "transaction" than a "trip."Transactions were initially designed to process financial data in ledger-style accounting systems. With the advent of the high availability and enterprise-level reliability of modern database systems, the scope of what can be done within a transaction has expanded significantly. In a multi-user database system, a transaction can be thought of as a sequence of operations performed on the system, which must be completed successfully or not at all. Transactions are essential for maintaining data integrity and consistency, as they offer ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties. Transactions are often performed as a part of a business process, like a purchase, a sale, a transfer of assets, hiring or firing of employees, etc. Transactions are a fundamental part of any database system. A transaction is a set of operations performed on data that must succeed or fail. For example, if you're transferring money from one account to another, the transfer must either happen entirely or not. You can't accidentally send half the money to one person and a half to another. Transactions are often considered "atomic," which means they are indivisible: they either happen in their entirety or not at all. It isn't true if your bank sends one-tenth of your money to each person instead of all of it going to one person, then that's not atomic because it didn't happen all at once (or not at all). Other features make up ACID transactions: consistency (which means that when the transaction is over, both sides agree on what happened), isolation (which means that other users' actions aren't affected by yours), durability (which means that when the system crashes or goes down temporarily, your changes will still be there when it comes back up)

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Related Terms by Financial Technology

Frequency Hopping - Code Division Multiple Access (FH-CDMA)

Frequency hopping is one of the oldest tricks in the book. It's basically how you get away with stealing someone else's lunch money while they're distracted by a game of kickball. Frequency hopping happens when you change the radio frequency of your signal so quickly that it's impossible for anyone to tell where you really are or what you're saying. In other words, it's like changing the channel on a TV set so fast that no one can tell where it is—or even if it's still on! It's a great way to hide from bullies, but it also works well for hiding from law enforcement agencies and other people who might not want you around—like cops or your parents when they're trying to find out where you are after curfew. When it comes to FH-CDMA, there's one thing that's for sure: it's not just for people who like to hop around. As when you're using FH-CDMA, you're hopping around—and your signal is hopping right along with you! That's because the FH-CDMA technique uses a specific algorithm to switch between all available frequencies based on a preplanned or random schedule. The receiver stays tuned to precisely the same center frequency as the transmitter (because they're in sync). FH-CDMA is like a little kid in a big pool. It's small, but it can swim pretty well. DS-CDMA is like an adult in the same collection—it's bigger and slower, but it knows how to float on its back and read a book while still staying dry. FH-CDMA is the best for people who want to use their devices without worrying about getting wet; DS-CDMA is better for those who want to keep their heads above water and see what's going on around them.

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FON Map

Do you want to make your wifi available to the people around your house on a party night? This is just the thing for you. FON is a Wi-Fi sharing program that allows users to "share with strangers" by enabling them to connect their devices to a single wireless network. When you download the FON software, you become part of a global wireless connectivity platform called FON. With FON, users share bits of a single Wi-Fi endpoint connection to enable more flexibility in hooking laptops and devices to wireless networks. If you've been in a foreign country and needed to get online but couldn't find an internet connection, you know how frustrating that can be. FON maps are more than a collection of dots on a map. They're a way to see your world differently. With FON, you can see where available FON spots are located relative to each other and your location. You can zoom in on a given area and find out if there's an open spot nearby, or zoom out and see how many open spots there are in your city. If you are still looking for available FON spots near you? You can request one! FON maps show where available FON spots are located all around the world. These maps typically show subsets of more than 4 million FON spots where those with FON access can use local Wi-Fi signals. To use the maps, log into your account on the FON website and click on "Find a hotspot." You'll see an area map with all available hotspots marked as red dots. You can click on any individual dot for more information about that location. If you're exhausted from being tethered to your home network when you're out and about on business or pleasure, FON might be right for you. It's not only easy to use, but it's also free!

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Flooding

It's time to be inundated with network traffic! Equipped with the most powerful routing engine, Flooding can efficiently deliver packets to other nodes in your network. This advanced flooding algorithm will have you wholly flooded in no time! Flooding is a simple and effective routing form in which a source or node sends packets through every outgoing link. Flooding is similar to broadcasting but can also be compared with multipoint communication. So Flooding uses every path in the network. It finds the shortest route to each destination. However, this means that the traffic received by any given destination depends significantly on network topology and distance from the source because there is no differentiation based on destination addresses. Flooding is also done. When routing data packets, initial network routing data is omitted. A hop count algorithm tracks network topology or visited network routes. It allows containers to access all available network routes, ultimately reaching their destination. However, packet duplication is always potential due to the lack of communication delay and selective flooding techniques. Flooding is a denial of service attack that floods network traffic on a network or host. It can be performed to knock down your network service or by making other users wait very long times for their requests to be serviced. The service is flooded with many incomplete server connection requests, so it cannot process genuine requests simultaneously. A flooding attack fills the server or host memory buffer; it cannot make further connections once complete. Flooding is used to bring down a network service, such as a DOS attack, which overwhelms a victim node or host with requests so that it cannot process legitimate traffic. It may accomplish it by exploiting software bugs, counting how many active flows exist on a network link and using botnets. We all like when the Internet is fast, but sometimes it works differently than we want. Well, that's because someone else on the network is causing problems—maybe they're downloading a big file or have a virus on their computer. It is called Flooding. When one person floods your network connection, it can slow down everyone's Internet access. With Flooding, you can lose this lousy guy from your network with just one click.

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Google Glass

It's the new thing in tech, and it's coming for you. Google's Project Glass created Google Glass, a type of wearable computer. These futuristic glasses provide augmented reality for users by visually connecting them to an Android-powered heads-up display connecting them to many of Google's cloud services such as maps, calendars, Gmail, Google+, and Google Places. The glasses are one part of an overall strategy by Google to connect more people worldwide with its products and services through mobile devices like smartphones and tablets. The company hopes this will help it keep pace with Apple, which has gained market share in recent years due to its iPhone line of smartphones and iPads tablets. However, users have reported problems with their devices, including headaches because they were wearing them too long without removing them to rest their eyes or having trouble focusing on objects in front of them while wearing the glasses due to having two screens showing different images at once (one on each side). Google Glass is a futuristic way to deliver hands-free computing, but it's also a distraction to walkers and drivers. In other words, it's like a smartphone without the phone part and you can use Google Glass to see directions, alerts from contacts or messages and weather updates superimposed right over what you would typically see in real life. That means that when you're walking down the street, you could get distracted by a message from your mom saying, "Please pick up some cookies on your way home" then you'd be late for dinner with your significant other because you couldn't stop looking at your phone (which is now attached to your head). Plus, if you wear corrective eyeglasses, Google Glass may not be suitable for you if the device doesn't have any lenses or anything like that.

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CD Burner

CDs are like the blockchain of music. They're an immutable record of all your favorite songs in one place. And they look beautiful! But you know what's even better than a CD? A CD-burner! That's right: with a CD burner, you can copy your CDs onto any other device—so if you want to hear your favorite album on your phone or the go with your laptop, or even boot up Spotify and stream it from there… it's all possible. A CD burner is a device that allows you to burn information onto compact discs. It typically takes the form of an enclosure with a slot or tray into which compact discs can be inserted, after which a laser burns digital information onto the disc. This process allows you to store data on CDs for long-term storage or sharing with others. CD burners are popular for recording music, data, and other information onto compact discs. They can also be used to create backups of important files and documents that can then be stored in safe places away from computers or other devices prone to malfunctioning or failure. It's hard to imagine a world without CD burners. In the late 1980s, people copied CDs onto cassette tapes, but the process was slow and cumbersome. Then came the CD burner—a device that allowed users to quickly and easily duplicate their favorite music onto a blank disc. The first CD burners were vast and expensive, but as technology improved, these devices became more accessible to the public. This led to an outcry from copyright holders who feared their work would be pirated en masse if it became easy enough for anyone to copy it onto a disc. To combat this, companies began implementing Digital Rights Management (DRM) protocols that limited how many times a particular disc could be copied or played back before it expired. These days, most of us have at least one CD burner in our home or office—but what will we do when those start going out?

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Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS)

Do You know what's great? When your app is running well. It's fast, it's stable, and people love it. Then there are days when you wake up and feel like something's not quite right. Your app is slow and sluggish, and people are complaining about errors. You check your logs and determine that your server has been maxed out for hours. You need more capacity and fast! There's only a way to quickly scale up capacity by paying for more servers upfront or through a complex process of configuring new servers from scratch (which means wasting time). That's where Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) comes in! Amazon SQS provides a queued cloud platform for message creation, transport and dissemination while helping you save money on overhead costs. If you're still using a messaging service that doesn't have built-in support for push notifications, it might be time to rethink your approach. With SNS, you can send messages to your website, ecommerce stores, order management systems, or even other software applications. You can also receive notifications from other services using SNS. The possibilities are endless, and you don't have to worry about breaking your system or infrastructure to try it out. It's a quick and easy way to integrate your software stack and extend the functionality of your system without the need for any code. This is especially useful when you have a team with different skill sets and need a developer on staff who can make the change for you. SNS also offers an accommodating dashboard that lets you track the performance of your messages. You can also view detailed analytics about your messages' performance, such as how many people received them and when and where the message was sent. SNS is great for distributed systems or applications that don't have messaging functionality. You can send notifications from one service to another by sending an HTTP POST request to Amazon SNS. As SNS supports protocols like HTTP/S and Amazon SQS, you can even use Lambda functions!

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