What Is Markup Language?

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Markup languages are like the hamsters of the document world. They're small, run around, and make everything else work. A markup language annotates text and embeds tags in accurately styled electronic documents, irrespective of computer platform, operating system, application or program. It's like a little piece of code that tells your computer how to display the information on your screen, and it's an essential part of any decent document! Markup languages are like the old-school version of Microsoft Word. Before everyone had a laptop, we were all writing on giant pieces of paper. When you'd be working on an essay for school, your teacher would say, "I'm gonna need some more information in this section," so you'd go back to your desk and write in big letters: "Add more info." then, when you turned in your paper, it would be covered in annotations like that. It was called markup because they marked the text with a pen, keeping the computer equivalent is just typing things like [bold] or [italic]. That's what a markup language does: it adds formatting instructions to plain text to look different from a regular reader. Markup languages have been a part of our lives for a long time. Ever since the first caveman sat down at his computer and wrote an email to his wife, people have used markup languages to describe the content of their messages. Most of us are already familiar with HTML. The language used to create web pages. Still, are there other markup languages out there? One called XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is used by most modern software applications to track data. Then there are also proprietary markup languages like JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), allowing developers to store data in web browsers and mobile devices without needing external tools. Markup languages typically embed document text with markup instructions in the same data or file stream. The codes within angle brackets ( > ) are markup instructions; the text that follows them is the actual document text. The codes near the beginning and end of the first statement are known as semantic markup and describe the content. Presentational markup, on the other hand, does not represent the text but specifies a specific characteristic.

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