What Is Brute Force Attack?

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Hey, you're a brute force. You're also a good guesser. You don't let anything get in your way when you want something, so you're so good at cracking codes. No one can stand in your way when your mind is set on something. You're probably the kind who gets what they want, no matter what it takes. Brute force attacks are like a hammer: they might be helpful for some things, but if you misuse them, they will hurt. A brute force attack is a trial-and-error method to obtain information such as a user password or personal identification number (PIN). In a brute force attack, automated software generates many consecutive guesses as to the value of the desired data. Criminal hackers may employ brute force attacks to crack encrypted data or security analysts to test an organization's network security. As these attacks are easy and don't require much thought or effort, they are prevalent. These attacks are also elementary to defend against, especially with the right security software installed on your devices. Most security software includes an option to block common words from being used as passwords, which is one way to defend against dictionary attacks. Other security software includes anti-forgery software, which can help block out different types of brute-force attacks. Brute force attacks are not a new idea. If you've ever watched an episode of MacGyver, you may have seen him use one to break into a safe. In this attack, the hacker tries every possible combination of numbers or letters until they find the right one. It's challenging and takes time, so we call it a brute-force attack. Hackers can use brute force attacks to crack passwords or even access your bank account if you use an older ATM with no extra security features.

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Cellular Automaton (CA)

Cellular automatons are not entirely cellular, quiet, and wholly atomic. They are the best of all worlds when you take the three fields mentioned above, study and play with them as any good scientist would. A cellular automaton (CA) is a system of many cells linked together using those cells' specific order and states. The goal is to change how each cell is ordered through repeated steps in an algorithm. The rules determine how cells change conditions over time. This happens multiple times until the CA stops changing and has reached an end state. Cellular automatons are many mathematical models studied in physics, computer science, social sciences, and other fields. Many natural phenomena, such as snowflakes, tree growth, and fire, inspire them. Cellular automatons are of interest for many reasons. One of them is that they are a non-linear model of physical phenomena. Given the same initial conditions, their outcomes may differ depending on the ruleset, much like non-linear differential equations. Another reason is that their rule sets are often simple enough to be implemented in a computer, allowing in-silico experimentation. Finally, some cellular automatons are used in modeling social and technological phenomena. If the number of ON neighbors exceeds the number of ones, the cell changes its state to ON; if the numbers are reversed, it changes its state to OFF. These rules are self-executing and do not require any external input. Depending on the number and placement of cells, it is possible to construct a variety of interesting CA with various properties and behaviors. The most common rule for a one-dimensional grid is for updating each site (i.e., each grid cell) independently, based on the values of its current neighbors. Cellular Automaton is exciting and intriguing. They're easy to understand but hard to predict. You'll need to sit down with a cup of coffee and think deeply about how they work to start seeing their beauty. Primarily though, they're fun.

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